Study on Dyeing Properties and Color Characteristics of Wool Fabrics Dyed with Geranium caespitosum L. Extract—A New Natural Yellow Dye

Natural dyes play an important role in sustainable dyeing processes. However, natural yellow with good performance are rare. Traditional have issues, such as a narrow color range and poor light fastness. In this paper, new dye was extracted from low-cost herb Geranium caespitosum L. (G. caespitosum). addition, the composition analyzed using UV-visible spectroscopy. The process of G. on wool fabrics optimized single-factor experiments. Standard fastness tests were conducted to evaluate sunlight, washing, rubbing dyed fabrics. characteristics gamut evaluated. obtained colors compared assessed Pantone Matching Systems Chinese traditional colors. results showed that phenolic acids flavonoids present solution compounds. best for meta-mordanting. bright at 60 °C golden 90 °C. All yellow-red range. According ISO standards, had ratings, particularly sunlight Therefore, is promising can be used fabric dyeing. It has advantages over other known certain application value.